Autoimmune gastritis, also known as chronic atrophic autoimmune gastritis, is characterized by the immune system’s attack on the stomach’s parietal cells. These cells are responsible for producing hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, essential for vitamin B12 absorption. The destruction of these cells leads to a cascade of digestive issues, often resulting in vitamin B12 deficiency and, over time, can cause a form of anemia known as pernicious anemia.
